Choose the correct option:
Question 1.
Who set up the first Indian Jute Mill in Calcutta?
(a) G.D. Birla
(b) Seth Hukumchand
(c) Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata
(d) Dwarkanath Tagore
Answer
Answer: (b) Seth Hukumchand
Question 2.
A fuller’s job is to
(a) pick up wool
(b) sort wool according to its fibre
(c) gather cloth by pleating
(d) carry wool to the spinner
Answer
Answer: (c) gather cloth by pleating
Question 3.
Which of the following countries faced labour shortage in the nineteenth century?
(a) America
(b) Britain
(c) France
(d) Germany
Answer
Answer: (a) America
Question 4.
The ports of Surat and Hoogly decayed in the
(a) sixteenth century
(b) seventeenth century
(c) eighteenth century
(d) nineteenth century
Answer
Answer: (b) seventeenth century
Question 5.
The first cotton mill in India was established in
(a) Madras
(b) Calcutta
(c) Gujarat
(d) Bombay
Answer
Answer: (b) Calcutta
Question 6.
Dwarkanath Tagore was alan
(a) philanthropist
(b) educationist
(c) social reformer
(d) industrialist
Answer
Answer: (d) industrialist
Question 7.
Why did the weavers suffer from a problem of raw cotton?
(a) The cotton crop perished
(b) Raw cotton exports increased
(c) Local markets shrank
(d) Export market collapsed
Answer
Answer: (b) Raw cotton exports increased
Question 8.
In Victorian Britain the upper classes- aristocratic class and bourgeoisie preferred handmade goods because:
(a) they were made from imported material.
(b) the handmade goods came to symbolize refinement and class.
(c) they were better finished.
(d) only upper class could afford the expensive items.
Answer
Answer: (b) the handmade goods came to symbolize refinement and class.
Question 9.
By late 19th century why did the British manufacturers print calendars for advertisements?
(a) Indian people were fond of using calendars in their houses.
(b) Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people who did not know how to read or write.
(c) It was cheaper to advertise goods through calendars.
(d) It used to add beauty to the room.
Answer
Answer: (b) Unlike newspapers and magazines, calendars were used even by people who did not know how to read or write.
Question 10.
Which of the following innovations helped the weavers in increasing productivity and compete with mill sector?
(a) Spining jenny
(b) Fly shuttle
(c) Cotton Gin
(d) Roller
Answer
Answer: (b) Fly shuttle
Question 11.
What do you mean by ‘Gomastha’?
(a) An officer of the Company who acted as a go-between the Company and Indian traders
(b) An officer of the East India Company who looked after the textile trade
(c) A paid servant of the Company who supervised weavers, collected supplies and examined the quality of the cloth
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (c) A paid servant of the Company who supervised weavers, collected supplies and examined the quality of the cloth.
Explanation:
First: the Company tried to eliminate the existing traders and later they appoint a paid servant called the gomastha to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth.
Question 12.
According to historians, who was the typical worker in the mid-nineteenth century?
(a) Craftsperson and labourer
(b) Machine operator
(c) Unskilled labour
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (a) Craftsperson and labourer
Explanation:
The typical worker in the mid-nineteenth century, according to historians, was traditional craftsperson and labourer and not a machine operator.
Question 13.
What do you mean by Carding?
(a) In spinning
(b) In weaving
(c) In which cotton or wool fibres are prepared for spinning
(d) In which finishing of cloth is done
Answer
Answer: (c) In which cotton or wool fibres are prepared for spinning
Explanation:
Carding is a process in which cotton or wool fibres are prepared for spinning.
Question 14.
Who was the Staplers and Fullers?
(a) Gathers cloth by pleating
(b) Sorts wool according to its fibre
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (c) Both a and b
Explanation:
A Fuller ‘fulls’ or gathers cloth by pleating and ‘staples’ or sorts wool according to its fibre. A merchant clothier in England purchased wool from a wool stapler, and carried it to the spinners, the yarn (thread) that was spun was taken in subsequent stages of production to weavers, fullers, and then to dyers.
Question 15.
What was the reason behind new merchants could not set up business in the towns in Europe?
(a) The rules became barrier
(b) Scarcity of product to start any business
(c) The powerful trade guilds and urban crafts made it difficult
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: c. The powerful trade guilds and urban crafts made it difficult
Explanation:
The new merchants could not set up business in the towns in Europe, because the powerful trade guilds and urban crafts made it difficult for new merchants to start business in towns and restricted their entry.
Question 16.
Which pre-colonial port connected India to the Gulf countries and the Red Sea ports?
(a) Bombay
(b) Hooghly
(c) Surat
(d) Machhalipatanam
Answer
Answer: (c) Surat
Explanation:
Surat on the Gujarat coast connected India to the Gulf and Red Sea Ports; Masulipatam on the Coromandel coast and Hoogly in Bengal had trade links with Southeast Asian ports.
Question 17.
Who produced music book that Dawn of the Century?
(a) New Comen
(b) James Watt
(c) E. T. Paul
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (c) E. T. Paul
Explanation:
E. T. Paul produced a popular music book that had a picture on the cover page announcing the Dawn of the Century.
Question 18.
What were supply during the First World War from Indian factories?
(a) Jute bags and cloth for army uniforms
(b) Tents and leather boots
(c) Horse and mule saddles
(d) All of these
Answer
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
There are many items supply by Indian factories during the First World War. They are jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents, leather boots, horse and mule saddles, besides other things.
Question 19.
When did the export of Indian yarn to China declined?
(a) 1906
(b) 1910
(c) 1915
(d) 1902
Answer
Answer: (a) 1906
Explanation:
The export of Indian yarn to China declined in 1906, because produce from the Chinese and Japanese mills flooded the Chinese market.
Question 20.
Which War caused new problems for Indian weavers?
(a) The American Civil War
(b) First world war
(c) Second world war
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (a) The American Civil War
Explanation:
The American Civil War caused new problems for Indian weavers. Indian weavers could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality.The Americans stopped supplying raw cotton to Britain due to the Civil War.
Question 21.
Who was Dwarkanath Tagore?
(a) A social reformer
(b) Musician
(c) Industrialist
(d) Painter
Answer
Answer: (c) Industrialist
Explanation:
Dwarkanath Tagore was the Industrialist. In Bengal, he made his fortune in the China trade before he turned to industrial investment, setting up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s and 1840s.
Question 22.
In 1917 who set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta?
(a) Seth Hukumchand
(b) G.D. Birla
(c) Jamsedjee Tata
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Seth Hukumchand
Explanation:
Seth Hukumchand, a Marwari businessman set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917. He also traded with China.
Question 23.
In which century, the exports of British cotton goods increased dramatically?
(a) 17th century
(b) 19th century
(c) 20th century
(d) 18th century
Answer
Answer: (b) 19th century
Explanation:
In the twentieth century, handloom cloth production expanded steadily almost trebling the exports of British cotton goods increased dramatically.
Question 24.
During the 19th century, Which were the most dynamic industries in Britain?
(a) Cotton and metal
(b) Metal and sugar
(c) Sugar and cotton
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (a) Cotton and metal
Explanation:
The most dynamic industries in Britain during 19th century were cotton and metal.
Question 25.
What are the problems faced by the cotton weavers in India?
(a) Export market had collapsed
(b) They did not have good quality cotton
(c) Imported goods were cheap
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation:
The following problems was faced by cotton weavers in India and they are Export market had collapsed ,they did not have good quality cotton and Imported goods were cheap.
Picture-based Questions:
Question 1.
Look at the given picture taken from Textbook Page 125 and then answer the questions that follow:
(i) What do you see in the above picture? What is the goddess shown offering?
(ii) What message does the manufacturer want to convey to the people of India?
(iii) How did people of India support the swadeshi movement?
Answer
Answer:
(i) In the above picture, the goddess is offering clothes to the people.
(ii) The manufacturer wants to convey to the people of India that it is also the will of goddess that people should use country made things.
(iii) The people of India supported the swadeshi movement using country made things.
