Instructions:
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
Q 1. Assertion (A): Resources are vital for human survival as well as for maintaining the quality of life.
Reason (R): It was believed that resources are free gifts of nature.
Answer: (B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct
explanation of A
Answer
Q 2. Assertion (A): Resource planning is not an easy process in India.
Reason (R): Resource planning involves planning structure, identification and inventory of resource across the regions.
Answer: C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Answer
Q 3. Assertion (A): Land is a natural resource supporting natural vegetation, wildlife, economic activities, transport and communication systems.
Reason (R): It is important to use the available land for various purposes with careful planning.
Answer: B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Answer
Q 4. Assertion (A): Processes of soil formation and erosion goes simultaneously and creates a balance between the two.
Reason (R): The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is soil erosion.
Answer: C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Answer
Q 5. Assertion (A): Black soil is considered ideal for growing cotton.
Reason (R): Black soil is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
Answer: A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Answer
Q 6. Assertion (A): Arid soil is unsuitable for cultivation.
Reason (R): Arid soil is generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. It restricts the filtration of water.
Answer: C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Answer
Q 7. Assertion (A): Controlling of mining activities doesn't control land degradation.
Reason (R): In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, deforestation has occurred due to mining.
Answer: (D) A is false, but R is true
Answer
Q 8. Assertion (A): Terrace cultivation does not restrict erosion.
Reason (R): Running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies which makes cultivation of crops impossible in those lands.
Answer: (D) A is false, but R is true
Answer
Q9. Assertion (A) : Alluvial soil is ideal for growth of paddy, wheat, cereal and pulse crops.
Reason (R) : Alluvial soil is well-known for is capacity to hold moisture.
Answer: C) Alluvial soil contains adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulse crops. Not water-retention but this property makes it ideal for the growth of wheat, paddy, cereal and pulse crops.
Answer
Q10. Assertion (A) : The availability of resources is not the only necessary condition for the development of any region.
Reason (R) : Not only availability of resources but also corresponding change in technology is necessary for development of any region.
Answer: (A) Mere availability of resources in the absence of corresponding changes in technology and institutions may hinder development. Thus, both resources and advanced technologies contribute in development of a region.
Answer
Q11. Assertion (A) : Resources are free gifts of nature.
Reason (R) : Resources like soil, air, water are easily available in nature.
Answer: (D) Resources are not free gifts of nature but are present tjue to interaction of human beings with nature, technology and institutions. They are a function of human activities. They transform material available in our environment into resources.
Answer
Q12. Assertion (A) : Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.
Reason (R) : Land can be used for various purposes.
Answer: (A) Land is a natural resource of utmost importance as it supports human life and wild life, economic activities like agriculture, mining, transport and communication system.
Answer
Q13. Assertion (A) : Resource planning is an easy process in India.
Reason (R) : Resource planning involves planning structure, identification and inventory of resource across the regions.
Answer: (D) Resource planning is a not an easy but a very complex process as it involves surveying, mapping, quantitative and qualitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
Answer
Q14. Assertion (A) : Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.
Reason (R) : Soil supports different types of living organisms on earth.
Answer: (A) Soil is a living system. Soil helps to grow plants, supports natural vegetation and economic activities like agriculture Its universal usage proves that it is the most important renewable natural resource.
Answer
Q15. Assertion (A) : Processes of soil formation and erosion goes simultaneously and creates a balance between the two.
Reason (R) : The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is soil erosion
Answer: (C) Soil formation and erosion goes simultaneously but this balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction , mining and natural forces like wind, glacier and water lead to soil erosion.
Answer
Q16. Assertion (A) : Arid soil is unsuitable for cultivation.
Reason (R) : Arid soil is generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. It restricts the filtration of water.
Answer: (C) Due to dry climate and high temperature, evaporation is faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture that is why it becomes unfit for cultivation.
Answer
Q17. Assertion (A) : Controlling on mining activities doesn’t control land degradation.
Reason (R) : In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, deforestation has occurred due to overgrozing, not minings
Answer: (D) Activities of mining controls land degradation because mining sites are abandoned offer excavation work, this results in over - burdening. Mining activities in the mentioned states has contribution to deforestation.
Answer
Q18. Assertion (A) : Terrace cultivation does not restrict erosion.
Reason (R) : Running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. This helps to cultivate crops.
Answer: (D) Terraces, out on slopes in forms of steps breaks up the force of the wind, thus preventing erosion. T gullies render cultivation in those lands impossible.
Answer
