Globalisation and the Indian Economy - Quiz

Globalization and Indian Economy Quiz

Test your knowledge on the concepts of globalization and its impact on the Indian economy

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Question 1 of 50

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1

Globalisation is defined as the integration between countries through:

A. Cultural exchange programs

B. Foreign trade and foreign investments by MNCs

C. Political alliances between nations

D. Social media connections

Answer: B

Globalisation is defined as the integration between countries through foreign trade and foreign investments by multinational corporations (MNCs).

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Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Globalisation has benefited well-off consumers and also producers with skill, education and wealth.

Reason (R): Many small producers and workers have suffered as a result of the rising competition due to globalisation.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false but R is true

Answer: B

Both statements are true but they describe different aspects of globalisation's impact. The first statement highlights the benefits for certain groups, while the second highlights the challenges faced by others. They are not directly causally related.

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Match the Pairs Quiz: Outcomes of Democracy

Question 1: Match the expectations from democracy with their descriptions.

Column A	Column B
Promotes equality	Improves quality of decision-making
Enhances dignity	Among citizens
Resolves conflicts	Of the individual
Corrects mistakes	Provides a method

• Promotes equality - Among citizens
• Enhances dignity - Of the individual
• Resolves conflicts - Provides a method
• Corrects mistakes - Improves quality of decision-making

Question 2: Match the features of democracy with their benefits.

Column A	Column B
Deliberation	Transparency in decisions
Accountability	Leads to acceptable decisions
Responsive government	To citizens' needs
Free elections	Control over rulers

• Deliberation - Leads to acceptable decisions
• Accountability - Transparency in decisions
• Responsive government - To citizens' needs
• Free elections - Control over rulers

Question 3: Match the dilemmas of democracy with explanations.

Column A	Column B
Good in principle	Blame the idea
Not good in practice	Form of government
Unmet expectations	Creates conditions
Democracy as	But felt otherwise

• Good in principle - But felt otherwise
• Not good in practice - Blame the idea
• Unmet expectations - Creates conditions
• Democracy as - Form of government

Question 4: Match the aspects of democratic government with characteristics.

Column A	Column B
Accountable	Follows procedures
Responsive	To citizens
Legitimate	Based on norms
Efficient	Delays but effective

• Accountable - To citizens
• Responsive - Follows procedures
• Legitimate - Based on norms
• Efficient - Delays but effective

Question 5: Match the comparisons between democracy and non-democracy.

Column A	Column B
Non-democratic rulers	Quick decisions
Democratic decisions	May face problems
Cost of time	Worth it
Transparency	Missing in non-democracy

• Non-democratic rulers - Quick decisions
• Democratic decisions - May face problems
• Cost of time - Worth it
• Transparency - Missing in non-democracy

Question 6: Match the practices in democracies with their indicators.

Column A	Column B
Regular elections	Open debate
Free and fair	Major policies
Public opinion	On major policies
Citizen information	About government

• Regular elections - Free and fair
• Free and fair - Open debate
• Public opinion - On major policies
• Citizen information - About government

Question 7: Match the cartoon elements with their meanings.

Column A	Column B
Governmental Secrecy	Coping with pressures
Democracy all about	Multiple pressures
Accommodating demands	Diverse demands
Censorship	Cartoon theme

• Governmental Secrecy - Cartoon theme
• Democracy all about - Coping with pressures
• Accommodating demands - Diverse demands
• Censorship - Multiple pressures

Question 8: Match the student arguments with their points.

Column A	Column B
Madam Lyngdoh's class	Better form
Democracy better	Than dictatorship
Support democracy	Against alternatives
Not satisfied	With practice

• Madam Lyngdoh's class - Better form
• Democracy better - Than dictatorship
• Support democracy - Against alternatives
• Not satisfied - With practice

Question 9: Match the global aspects with democratic features.

Column A	Column B
Over hundred countries	Claim democracy
Formal constitutions	Hold elections
Parties	Guarantee rights
Different in	Social situations

• Over hundred countries - Claim democracy
• Formal constitutions - Hold elections
• Parties - Guarantee rights
• Different in - Social situations

Question 10: Match the outcomes with their assessments.

Column A	Column B
Quality of government	Economic well-being
Inequality	Social differences
Conflict	Freedom
Dignity	Actual outcomes

• Quality of government - Actual outcomes
• Inequality - Economic well-being
• Conflict - Social differences
• Dignity - Freedom

Short Answer Questions: Outcomes of Democracy

Question 1: What are the key expectations from democracy as a form of government?

Democracy is expected to promote equality among citizens, enhance the dignity of individuals, improve decision-making quality, provide methods to resolve conflicts, and allow room for correcting mistakes. It creates conditions for citizens to achieve goals but does not guarantee solutions to all socio-economic and political problems.

Question 2: Why is democracy considered better in principle but often criticized in practice?

Democracy is seen as good in principle because it promotes equality, dignity, and conflict resolution. However, in practice, many people are dissatisfied as it may not fully meet expectations. This dilemma arises from high fascination with democracy, leading to blame on the system when issues persist.

Question 3: How does democracy ensure accountable and responsive government?

Democracy produces governments accountable to citizens through regular free and fair elections, public debates, and right to information. It allows participation in decision-making. Though decisions may be delayed due to deliberation, they are more acceptable and effective, ensuring transparency and mechanisms for accountability.

Question 4: Is democratic government efficient compared to non-democratic ones?

Non-democratic governments may decide quickly without deliberation, but democratic ones, based on negotiation, ensure acceptable decisions. The cost of time in democracy is worth it as it avoids problems from unaccepted decisions, making it more effective despite delays.

Question 5: What practices indicate a government is accountable in a democracy?

Key practices include regular free and fair elections, open public debates on policies, and citizens' right to information. Democracies succeed in elections and debates but often fall short in fair chances and information sharing, yet they are better than non-democracies.

Question 6: Why is democracy considered legitimate?

Democratic government is legitimate as it is people's own, elected by them. Despite being slow or less responsive, it enjoys overwhelming support worldwide. People believe democracy suits their country and prefer rule by elected leaders, generating its own support.

Question 7: What is the relationship between democracy and economic growth?

Between 1950-2000, dictatorships showed slightly higher growth rates than democracies, but differences are negligible in poor countries. Economic development depends on factors like population and global cooperation. Democracy does not guarantee growth but has other positive outcomes.

Question 8: Do democracies reduce economic inequalities?

Democracies often fail to reduce inequalities; ultra-rich hold disproportionate wealth while the poor's incomes decline. Despite political equality, economic disparities grow. Governments address poverty poorly, and poor countries depend on rich ones for aid.

Question 9: How do democracies accommodate social diversity?

Democracies develop procedures to conduct competition, reducing tensions. They negotiate differences, as in Belgium. Majority must work with minority; rule by majority should not oppress minorities. Every citizen has a chance to be in majority.

Question 10: What role does democracy play in promoting dignity and freedom?

Democracy promotes individual dignity and freedom by recognizing equality. It strengthens claims of disadvantaged groups like women and castes against historical domination. Public expression of dissatisfaction shows success, transforming subjects into citizens who value their rights.

Question 11: Why do people have complaints about democracy?

As people gain benefits from democracy, they demand more, leading to expectations and complaints. This ongoing examination shows democracy's success; complaints indicate awareness and critical evaluation of power holders, affirming citizen engagement.

Question 12: What evidence shows support for democracy in South Asia?

Surveys indicate overwhelming support; most prefer democracy over dictatorship and believe it suits their country. High agreement on rule by elected leaders exists, even in non-democratic regimes, showing democracy generates its own legitimacy.

Question 13: How does transparency work in democratic governments?

Citizens can examine decision-making processes, ensuring norms are followed. Right to information allows checking procedures. Though not always perfect, democracies are better than non-democracies in providing this, holding governments accountable.

Question 14: Why can't democracy alone guarantee economic development?

Development depends on multiple factors like population size, global situation, and economic priorities. While dictatorships may show higher growth, differences are minimal. Democracy offers other benefits like legitimacy and freedom despite not ensuring superior economic performance.

Question 15: Give examples of income inequality in democracies.

In South Africa and Brazil, top 20% take over 60% of income, leaving bottom 20% with less than 3%. Denmark and Hungary fare better with more equal distribution. This shows democracies can have high inequalities despite political equality.

Question 16: How does democracy handle social conflicts?

No society permanently resolves conflicts, but democracies negotiate differences and respect them. They reduce explosive tensions through procedures. Non-democracies often suppress divisions. Examples like Sri Lanka show need for majority-minority cooperation.

Question 17: What makes democracy superior in promoting individual dignity?

It recognizes equality, allowing struggles against disrespect, as in women's and caste movements. In non-democracies, such principles lack legal force. Democracy empowers disadvantaged to claim equal status, though full realization varies.

Question 18: Why is public dissatisfaction a sign of democratic success?

Complaints show people are aware, expect more, and critically evaluate leaders. This transforms them from subjects to citizens. Belief that votes matter indicates democracy's efficacy in fostering engagement and self-interest awareness.

Question 19: Discuss the role of citizens in achieving democratic outcomes.

Democracy creates conditions for goals like development or equality, but citizens must utilize them. It doesn't solve all problems automatically. Active participation, using rights, and holding governments accountable are essential for realizing expectations.

Question 20: What criteria can be used to assess democracy beyond economic growth?

Assess through accountable government, social accommodation, dignity, and freedom. Democracy excels in legitimacy, transparency, and handling diversity, even if economic records vary. Complaints and expectations indicate ongoing improvement and citizen empowerment.

One-Sentence Answer Quiz: Outcomes of Democracy

Question 1: What does the chapter discuss as we wind up the tour of democracy?

The chapter discusses what outcomes can be reasonably expected from democracy and whether it fulfills these in real life.

Question 2: According to the students in Madam Lyngdoh’s class, why is democracy better?

Democracy is better because it promotes equality among citizens, enhances dignity, improves decision-making, resolves conflicts, and allows correction of mistakes.

Question 3: What dilemma do we face regarding democracy?

Democracy is seen as good in principle but not so good in practice.

Question 4: Why do people support democracy despite dissatisfaction?

People support democracy against alternatives like monarchy, military, or religious rule.

Question 5: How many countries claim democratic politics today?

Over a hundred countries claim and practice some kind of democratic politics.

Question 6: What common features do most democracies have?

Most democracies have formal constitutions, hold elections, have parties, and guarantee citizen rights.

Question 7: What pushes us to think democracy can solve all problems?

Our interest and fascination for democracy pushes us into taking that position.

Question 8: What is the first step in thinking about democracy's outcomes?

Recognize that democracy is just a form of government that creates conditions for achieving goals.

Question 9: What is the most basic outcome of democracy?

It produces a government accountable to citizens and responsive to their needs.

Question 10: Why do some think democratic government is inefficient?

Democratic government is based on deliberation and negotiation, causing delays.

Question 11: What is the cost of time in democracy worth?

The cost is worth it because decisions are more acceptable and effective.

Question 12: What does democracy ensure in decision making?

Democracy ensures decision making based on norms and procedures.

Question 13: What is transparency in democracy?

Transparency is the right and means for citizens to examine the process of decision making.

Question 14: What practices indicate accountable government?

Regular free and fair elections, open public debate, and right to information.

Question 15: How do democracies perform on elections and debate?

Democracies have greater success in setting up regular free elections and open public debate.

Question 16: What is lacking in many democracies?

Many democracies fall short in providing fair chance in elections and subjecting decisions to public debate.

Question 17: Do democratic governments share information well?

Democratic governments do not have a very good record in sharing information with citizens.

Question 18: What can we say about democratic regimes in accountability?

Democratic regimes are much better than non-democratic ones in accountability.

Question 19: What is reasonable to expect in substantive terms?

A government attentive to people's needs and largely free of corruption.

Question 20: How do democracies perform on frustration and corruption?

Democracies often frustrate people's needs and are not free of corruption.

Question 21: In what respect is democracy better than alternatives?

Democratic government is legitimate as it is people's own government.

Question 22: What evidence shows support for democracy?

Overwhelming support in South Asia for democracy, even in non-democratic countries.

Question 23: What do people believe about democracy?

People believe democracy is suitable for their country and prefer rule by elected leaders.

Question 24: Is democracy a guarantee of economic development?

We cannot say democracy guarantees economic development, but it doesn't lag behind dictatorships.

Question 25: What does evidence show about economic growth 1950-2000?

Dictatorships have slightly higher economic growth than democracies.

Question 26: In poor countries, what is the difference in growth?

In poor countries, there is virtually no difference in growth between dictatorships and democracies.

Question 27: What factors affect economic development?

Population size, global situation, cooperation from others, economic priorities.

Question 28: When is difference in growth significant?

Significant difference in growth between countries under dictatorship and democracy prefers democracy due to other positive outcomes.

Question 29: What does Table 2 show about inequalities?

Within democracies, there can be very high degrees of income inequality.

Question 30: In which countries is inequality high?

In South Africa and Brazil, the top 20% take over 60% of income.

Question 31: What is reasonable to expect regarding disparities?

Democracies are expected to reduce economic disparities.

Question 32: What happens to wealth in economic growth?

In democracies, economic growth is accompanied by increased inequalities.

Question 33: Who enjoys disproportionate wealth?

A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth.

Question 34: What happens to bottom society's incomes?

The incomes of those at the bottom have been declining.

Question 35: Do democracies reduce inequalities?

In actual life, democracies do not appear very successful in reducing economic inequalities.

Question 36: What is the situation in Bangladesh?

In Bangladesh, more than half the population lives in poverty.

Question 37: On what are poor countries dependent?

People in poor countries are dependent on rich countries even for food supplies.

Question 38: What is the basis of democracies?

Democracies are based on political equality.

Question 39: What do we find parallel to political equality?

Parallel to political equality, we find growing economic inequalities.

Question 40: Do poor have votes but no attention?

The poor constitute a large proportion of voters, but governments are not keen on addressing poverty.

Question 41: What expectation about harmonious life?

It is fair to expect democracy to produce harmonious social life.

Question 42: How do democracies accommodate divisions?

Democracies accommodate social divisions by developing procedures for competition.

Question 43: What reduces tensions becoming violent?

Procedures reduce the possibility of tensions becoming explosive or violent.

Question 44: Can societies resolve conflicts permanently?

No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among groups.

Question 45: What can we learn in democracy?

We can learn to respect differences and negotiate them.

Question 46: Why is democracy best for outcome?

Democracy is best suited to handle social differences, divisions, and conflicts.

Question 47: What reminds us of conditions?

The example of Sri Lanka reminds us that democracy must fulfill two conditions.

Question 48: What is first condition for accommodating diversity?

Democracy is not simply rule by majority; majority works with minority for general view.

Question 49: What is second condition?

Rule by majority does not become rule by majority community; every citizen has chance to be majority.

Question 50: What is superior about democracy?

Democracy stands much superior in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual.