Choose the correct option:
Question 1.
Which one of the following is an example of outcomes of a democracy that produces an accountable government?
(a) Open to public debates on major policies and legislation
(b) Open in promoting economic development
(c) Open in reducing economic inequalities
(d) Open to rulers elected by the people
Answer
Answer: (a) Open to public debates on major policies and legislation
Question 2.
Which one of the following is the most popular form of government in the contemporary world?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Monarchy
(c) Military rule
(d) Democracy
Answer
Answer: (d) Democracy
Question 3.
Which one of the following features is common to most of the democracies?
(a) They have formal Constitution
(b) They hold regular elections
(c) They have political parties
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) All of the above
Question 4.
In which one of the following countries is democracy not preferred over dictatorship?
(a) Bangladesh
(b) Pakistan
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) India
Answer
Answer: (b) Pakistan
Question 5.
Which one of the following is not the way to resolve a conflict in a democracy?
(a) Mass mobilisation
(b) Using Parliament
(c) Doing justice
(d) Armed revolution
Answer
Answer: (d) Armed revolution
Question 6.
‘Equal treatment of women’ is a necessary ingredient of a democratic society. This means that:
(a) women are actually always treated with respect.
(b) it is now easier for women to legally wage struggle for their rights.
(c) most societies across the world are now increasingly women dominated.
(d) women are now treated as equals in the political arena.
Answer
Answer: (b) it is now easier for women to legally wage struggle for their rights.
Question 7.
Democratic government is better than non-democratic because
(a) it is a legitimate form of government.
(b) overwhelming support for the idea all over the world.
(c) it leads to a just distribution of goods and opportunities.
(d) it ensures faster economic growth.
Answer
Answer: (a) it is a legitimate form of government.
Question 8.
Consider the following statements. Which of these do not hold true for non-democratic regimes?
(a) These do not have to bother about public opinion.
(b) These take less time at arriving at a decision.
(c) Principle of individual dignity has legal force.
(d) These often suppress internal social differences.
Answer
Answer: (c) Principle of individual dignity has legal force.
Question 9.
In a democracy, a citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision¬making. This is known as
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Transparency
(c) Legitimacy
(d) Equality
Answer
Answer: (b) Transparency
Question 10.
To measure democracies on the basis of expected outcomes, which of the following practices and institutions would one look for?
(a) Regular, free and fair elections
(b) Open public debate on major policies
(c) Citizens’ right to information about the government
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) All of the above
Question 11.
On which of the following practices and institutions can the accountability of government and involvement of people in decision-making process in a democracy be measured?
(a) Regular, free and fair elections
(b) Public debate on major policies and legislations
(c) Citizens’ right to information about government and its functioning
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) All of the above
Question 12.
Decisions taken by which type of government are likely to be more acceptable to the people and more effective?
(a) Democratic government
(b) Non-democratic government
(c) Military dictatorship
(d) Theocracy
Answer
Answer: (a) Democratic government
Question 13.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Democracies can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups
(b) Dictatorships can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups
(c) No regime can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer
Answer: (c) No regime can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups
Question 14.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Most of the democracies have constitutions, they hold elections, have parties and they guarantee rights to citizens
(b) Democracies are very much different from each other in terms of their social, economic and cultural achievements
(c) All democracies are similar as far as social, economic and cultural conditions are concerned
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer
Answer: (d) Both (a) and (b)
Question 15.
Why is there a delay in decision-making and implementation in a democracy?
(a) The government don’t want to take decisions
(b) The government is hesitant in taking decisions
(c) Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation
(d) A democratic government is not interested in taking quick decisions
Answer
Answer: (c) Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation
Question 16.
In the context of democracies, what is successfully done by Democracies?
(a) Eliminated conflicts among people
(b) Eliminated economic inequalities among people
(c) Eliminated differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated
(d) Rejected the idea of political inequality
Answer
Answer: (d) Rejected the idea of political inequality
Question 17.
What is promoted much superiorly by democracy than any other form of government?
(a) Economic growth
(b) Dignity and freedom of the individual
(c) Economic equality
(d) None of these
Answer
Answer: (b) Dignity and freedom of the individual
Question 18.
Which regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress internal social differences?
(a) Democratic regimes
(b) Non-democratic regimes
(c) Monarchy
(d) Oligarchy
Answer
Answer: (b) Non-democratic regimes
Question 19.
In which of these countries half of the population lives in poverty?
(a) India
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Pakistan
Answer
Answer: (c) Bangladesh
Question 20.
Which among the following has a higher rate of economic growth and development?
(a) Democracies
(b) Dictatorships
(c) All non-democratic regimes
(d) Monarchies
Answer
Answer: (b) Dictatorships
Picture-based Questions:
Question 1.
Look at the given cartoons taken from NCERT Textbook pages 93-96 and 99.
The above cartoons tell us about the disparities between the rich and the poor. Should the gains of economic growth be evenly distributed? How can the poor get a voice for a better share in a nation? What can the poor countries do to receive a greater share in the world’s wealth?
Answer
Answer:
In democracy all over the world we find disparities between the rich and the poor. The reason is that the gains of economic growth is not evenly distributed among the people. A smaller number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. But those at the bottom of the society have very little to depend upon. Their incomes have been declining. Sometimes they find it difficult to meet their basic needs of life, such as food, clothing, house, education and health.
To get a voice for a better share in a nation the poor need to come together and draw government’s attention towards their problems. If needed, they should start protest movements to get coverage in media.
The poor countries should get united and raise their voice collectively to draw the attention of the rich and powerful countries towards the problems they are suffering from. They should point out how rich countries are accountable to some of their problems and how they exploit natural resources so carelessly. The poor countries should hold meetings and discussions to pressurise the rich countries to stop doing injustices.
