History Assertion & Reason Questions
DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:
- If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
- If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
- If the assertion is true but the reason is false.
- If both assertion and reason are false.
1.
Assertion (A): The Scottish Highlanders were forbidden to speak their Gaelic language or wear their national dress, and large numbers were forcibly driven out of their homeland.
Reason (R): The English helped the Protestants of Ireland to establish their dominance over a largely Catholic country.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain the assertion about Scottish Highlanders.
2.
Assertion (A): When the Spinning Jenny was introduced in the woolen industry, women who survived on hand spinning began opposing new machines.
Reason (R): The fear of unemployment made workers unfriendly to the introduction of new technology.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains why workers opposed new machines.
3.
Assertion (A): With the expansion of factories, the demand for workers increased.
Reason (R): Many workers travelled distant places in the hope of work in the mills.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason is a consequence, not an explanation of the assertion.
4.
Assertion (A): The development of nationalism did not come about only through wars and territorial expansion.
Reason (R): Culture played an important role in creating the idea of nation: art and poetry, stories and music helped to express and shape nationalism.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the assertion about nationalism.
5.
Assertion (A): The new reading culture was accompanied by a new technology.
Reason (R): From hand printing there was a gradual shift to mechanical printing.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the assertion about reading culture.
6.
Assertion (A): In most industrial regions, workers came from the districts around.
Reason (R): Peasants and Artisans who found no work in the village went to the industrial centres in search of work.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the assertion about industrial workers.
7.
Assertion (A): The 1830's were the years of great economic hardship in Europe.
Reason (R): National assembly of 1848 proclaimed France as a republic.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain the economic hardship of the 1830s.
8.
Assertion (A): By the 1750s, with the arrival of the European companies the Indians started losing their control over the trade.
Reason (R): There was a decline of the old ports like Surat and Hooghly and the emergence of new ports like Bombay and Calcutta.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains how Indians lost trade control.
9.
Assertion (A): In the 1760s and 1770s, the East India Company faced problems in getting a regular supply of goods for export.
Reason (R): Emergence of new ports was an indication of the growth of new colonial powers.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain the Company's supply problems.
10.
Assertion (A): As literacy and school spread in African countries, there was a virtual reading mania.
Reason (R): Primary education became compulsory from the late 19th century.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the reading mania in Africa.
11.
Assertion (A): Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation.
Reason (R): Weavers in Silesia had led a revolt against the contractors who supplied raw material and gave them orders for finished textiles but drastically reduced their payments.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain the cultural role in nationalism.
12.
Assertion (A): In the 20th century, handloom cloth production expanded steadily.
Reason (R): This was partly because of technological changes.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the expansion of handloom production.
13.
Assertion (A): The French revolution was an influential event that marked the age of revolutions in Europe.
Reason (R): The French revolution transferred the sovereignty from the people to the monarch.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is false (sovereignty transferred from monarch to people).
14.
Assertion (A): When the Spinning Jenny was introduced in the woolen industry, women who survived on hand spinning began opposing new machines.
Reason (R): The fear of unemployment made workers unfriendly to the introduction of new technology.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the opposition to new machines.
15.
Assertion (A): Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.
Reason (R): They were closely bound to each other in spite of their autonomous rule.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain the political divisions.
16.
Assertion (A): Mahatma Gandhi decided to take up the Khilafat issue.
Reason (R): He wanted to bring the Muslims into the fold of nationalist movement.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains Gandhi's Khilafat stance.
17.
Assertion: Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries found a way out by personifying a nation.
Reason: They represented a country as if it were a person.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the artistic personification of nations.
18.
Assertion (A): Discovery of America resulted in transformation of trade, life and abundance of wealth for Europeans.
Reason (R): The Americas had vast lands, minerals, silver and gold which enhanced European trade.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the impact of America's discovery.
19.
Assertion (A): On 18 May 1848, 831 elected representatives revolted in the Frankfurt parliament.
Reason (R): The elected representatives revolted against the issue of extending political rights to women.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is false (they revolted for German unification, not against women's rights).
20.
Assertion (A): In India the rise of nationalism is associated with the anti-colonial movement.
Reason (R): The sense of being oppressed under colonialism connected many different groups together.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the rise of Indian nationalism.
21.
Assertion (A): The pre-modern world became shrinked due to discovery of sea routes to Asia and Western ocean to America in the 16th century.
Reason (R): Before the sixteenth century there was no form of trade in the Indian ocean.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is false (Indian Ocean trade existed before the 16th century).
22.
Assertion (A): The world post second world war saw the emergence of the Soviet Union as the new world power.
Reason (R): Soviet Union had sacrificed its agricultural identity to defeat Germany and gained power while capitalist countries were struck in the Great Depression.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't fully explain Soviet Union's emergence as a superpower.
23.
Assertion (A): To glorify the past of the Indians, images were taken from Hindu iconography.
Reason (R): These images were welcomed and celebrated by all the Indians.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is false (not all Indians welcomed Hindu-centric imagery).
24.
Assertion: Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation.
Reason: During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was divided into seven States.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains Italy's political fragmentation.
25.
Assertion (A): From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices like the idea of la patrie and le citoyen.
Reason (R): This was done to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the revolutionary measures.
26.
Assertion (A): Gandhiji's idea of 'Satyagraha' emphasised the power of truth and the need to search for truth.
Reason (R): Gandhiji believed that a Satyagrahi could win the battle by appealing to the conscience of the oppressor.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the concept of Satyagraha.
27.
Assertion (A): India, China and Brazil have undergone slump economic transformation with China being one of the most desired destinations of foreign investment and MNCs.
Reason (R): These developing countries offered low-wages and low-costs which stimulated world trade and capital flows.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the economic transformation.
28.
Assertion (A): Mass processions were a common feature of the Indian national movement.
Reason (R): People protested for the benefit of their respective social groups.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't fully explain the mass processions.
29.
Assertion (A): Gandhiji entered the Gandhi Irwin pact on 5th March 1931.
Reason (R): Gandhiji consented to participate in the 2nd Round Table Conference and the government agreed to release political prisoners.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
30.
Assertion (A): India had been the greatest exporter of fine cotton to Europe but after industrialisation the inflow of Indian cotton declined.
Reason (R): British cotton manufacturers and industrialists pressured the government to protect local industries which resulted in high taxes on imports of cloth to Britain.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the decline of Indian cotton exports.
31.
Assertion (A): When Simon Commission reached India it was opposed with slogans of 'Simon Go Back' in 1928.
Reason (R): This statutory commission was in India to give suggestions about constitution system, but didn't have a single Indian member.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the opposition to Simon Commission.
32.
Assertion (A): Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points and opened fire on the crowd, killing hundreds.
Reason (R): His object, as he declared later, was to 'produce a moral effect', to create in the minds of satyagrahis a feeling of terror and awe.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains Dyer's Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
33.
Assertion (A): Around 50 million people emigrated from Europe to America and Australia in the 19th century.
Reason (R): Huge amount of labour was required in these places to cultivate and meet demands.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the mass emigration.
34.
Assertion (A): British Indian government built a network of irrigation canals in Punjab, India.
Reason (R): These Canal Colonies were a way to transport water to semi-desert areas and make them wheat and cotton fields for export by the British.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains the British canal projects.
35.
Assertion (A): The expansion of trade was prosperous and beneficial for every part of the world during the nineteenth century.
Reason (R): Rapid growth of the world economy meant some people had to lose their basic freedoms and livelihoods due to Colonisation and consequent changes.
Answer: C
The assertion is false (not all parts benefited equally) but the reason is true about negative impacts.
36.
Assertion (A): The fast spreading cattle plague or rinderpest caused havoc in Africa which was a result of European colonisation.
Reason (R): They all had a single aspiration and united meaning of Swaraj as their call of movement.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is unrelated and false in this context.
37.
Assertion (A): India played a crucial role in giving surplus profits to Britain during multilateral trade of the late nineteenth century.
Reason (R): Value of British exports to India was much higher than the value of British imports from India, which Britain gave a surplus to balance its deficits.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the reason correctly explains India's role in British trade.
38.
Assertion (A): The Congress and Muslim League entered into compromise in 1927 and formed an alliance.
Reason (R): In 1928 hopes of conference were removed when M.R. Jayakar of the Hindi Mahasabha strongly opposed efforts of compromise.
Answer: C
The assertion is true but the reason is false (the alliance didn't break due to Jayakar's opposition).
39.
Assertion (A): The Congress under Mahatma Gandhi tried to connect different groups together into one movement.
Reason (R): Unity didn't come without conflicts.
Answer: B
Both statements are true but the reason doesn't explain Gandhi's unifying efforts.
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